Those only are happy who have their minds fixed on some object other than their own happiness …. At first glance, valuing happiness should lead to positive outcomes, because it is assumed that the more one values happiness the happier one will be …. however, a particular feature of goal pursuit may lead to possible negative outcomes of valuing happiness. People’s values determine not only what they want to achieve but also the standards against which they evaluate their achievements (Carver & Scheier, 1981).